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Vastu shastra (') is a traditional Hindu system of architecture, which literally translates to "science of architecture."〔 These are texts found on the Indian subcontinent that describe principles of design, layout, measurements, ground preparation, space arrangement and spatial geometry.〔 Vastu sastras incorporate traditional Hindu and in some cases Buddhist beliefs. The designs are intended to integrate architecture with nature, the relative functions of various parts of the structure, and ancient beliefs utilizing geometric patterns (yantra), symmetry and directional alignments.〔〔 Vastu Shastra are the textual part of ''Vastu Vidya'', the latter being the broader knowledge about architecture and design theories from ancient India. Vastu Vidya knowledge is a collection of ideas and concepts, with or without the support of layout diagrams, that are not rigid. Rather, they are models for the organization of space and form within a building or collection of buildings, based on their functions in relation to each other, their usage and to the overall fabric of the Vastu.〔 Ancient Vastu Shastra principles include those for the design of ''Mandir'' (Hindu temples),〔George Michell (1988), The Hindu Temple: An Introduction to Its Meaning and Forms, University of Chicago Press, ISBN 978-0226532301, pp 21-22〕 and the principles for the design and layout of houses, towns, cities, gardens, roads, water works, shops and other public areas.〔〔GD Vasudev (2001), Vastu, Motilal Banarsidas, ISBN 81-208-1605-6, pp 74-92〕〔Sherri Silverman (2007), Vastu: Transcendental Home Design in Harmony with Nature, Gibbs Smith, Utah, ISBN 978-1423601326〕 The use of Vastu shastra in the modern era has been controversial. Some architects, particularly during India's colonial era, considered it arcane and superstitious.〔〔 Other architects state that critics have not read the texts and that most of the text is about flexible design guidelines for space, sunlight, flow and function.〔〔 Jaipur, the capital of the Indian state of Rajasthan and called the pink city, was founded and built in early 1700s incorporating many of the layout principles for a city found in Vastu Shastras.〔 Similarly, modern era projects such as the architect Charles Correa's designed Gandhi Smarak Sangrahalaya in Ahmedabad, Vidhan Bhavan in Bhopal, and Jawahar Kala Kendra in Jaipur, adapt and apply concepts from the Vastu Shastra Vidya.〔 In the design of Chandigarh city, Le Corbusier incorporated modern architecture theories with those of Vastu Shastra. ==Terminology== The Sanskrit word ''vastu'' means a dwelling or house with a corresponding plot of land. The vrddhi, ''vāstu'', takes the meaning of "the site or foundation of a house, site, ground, building or dwelling-place, habitation, homestead, house". The underlying root is ''vas'' "to dwell, live, stay, reside".〔Monier-Williams (1899).〕 The term shastra may loosely be translated as "doctrine, teaching". ''Vastu-Sastras'' (literally, science of dwelling) are ancient Sanskrit manuals of architecture. These contain Vastu-Vidya (literally, knowledge of dwelling).〔BB Dutt (1925), , ISBN 978-81-8205-487-5; See critical review by LD Barnett, Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, Vol 4, Issue 2, June 1926, pp 391〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「vastu shastra」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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